Koni peninsula! 30 minutes from Magadan by helicopter and you are in a rock gardener's paradise.

Welcome to the 2001 Seed List of Dr. Alexandra Berkutenko. The Alpine Garden is pleased to be able to host this fine list and I am sure there will be many items to interest you all. All seeds are priced at $3 per packet and the average amount is 15-25 seeds per pkt. Full ordering details can be found at the end of the listing. All orders to Dr. Berkutenko please.

In addition to the seedlist, Dr. Berkutenko has published some germination results which should help you to enjoy success with your seeds. It is well worth reading thoroughly.

If you missed out on any of the seed from the 2000 Seedlist, Dr.Berkutenko has re-collected some of the species again this year which may not appear in the latest list. For details of these, please contact her at berkuten@online.magadan.su

*NEW for 2001

Abies nephrolepis: If you just once have been in Ussurian taiga you remember forever smell and silence of this magic dark coniferous forest. It is due to Fir tree 20-30m tall with pungent emerald needles and smooth light-grey bark.

Abies holophilla: Another Fir tree from unforgettable Ussurian taiga. Needle tips emarginate, not pungent. Up to 40mtall.

Acanthopanax sessiliflorus: Tall shrub,5-foliate lvs, fls dark-purple, in umbels or racemes. Fr. baccate, black. Stimulant from Ginseng Family. Aphrodisiac properties of this plant is not the myth because a lot of enquiries from men.

Welcome to maple’s parade in autumn!

Acer barbinerve Shrub up to 5(7)m high.3-5-lobate lvs pubescent along veins. Ussuri.

*Acer komarovii To 10 m tall 15-20 cm diam tree. Lvs 5-7-lobate. Very ornamental. Rare

*Acer mandshuricum Tree 20m tall, ternate lvs. Especially attractive in autumn. Ussuri.

*Acer mono Tree to 16-24m. During 250  years  you  can  enjoy  golden (sometimes dark-purple)  foliage  (5-lobed  lvs)  of  this tree from Ussurian taiga. Can survive in dry places.

Acer negundo: Box-elder; ash leave maple. This invader from America can flourish everywhere except areas above Polar Circle and Antarctic. Who needs the seeds of this aggressor from Vladivostok? Maybe, Icelandic vikings for their battles against soil erosion?

Acer ginnala: Modest yellow or dark red in fall shrub or small tree from Orient with 3-lobed lvs. Successfully introduced in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Native in Ussuri.

Acer pseudosieboldianum: This is a king of parade in its foliage in all hues of pink and fiery-red, purple and violet. This oriental king is not very tall - to 8 m. Capricious - asks drainage.

Acer tegmentosum: Tree up to 12-15m high with unusual green bark. Lvs 3-5-lobate, fls greenish-yellow. Amur, Ussurian region and China. Exclusively good for landscaping.

Achillea alpina: Pinnately divided lvs, white blooms. Medicinal (heals at least 100 diseases).

Acomastylis glacialis: (syn. Geum glaciale, Novosieversia glacialis) Cushion plant, stem up to 12cm high, villous throughout, with long silky hairs. This pubescence helps the plants to survive extreme conditions in high Arctic and in Subarctic highlands. Lvs pinnate, prostrate on ground. Fls yellow, large 3cm across. I bet you won’t find this species in other catalogs: it isn’t easy to reach this plant in right time, when seeds are ripe. Hab. on dry stony places, snow beds.

*Acomastylis rossii: Differs from above: completely nude or pubescent only along veins. From tundra of severe Commander islands in Bering sea.

Aconitum ajanense: Resembles A. delphinifolium but fls are yellow. Plant much more rare.

Aconitum delphinifolium: Monkshood. Dark blue hood, fls in racemes, palmately lobed lvs. Poisonous.

*Aconitum glandulosum  Looks like A.delphinifolium but with glands

*Aconitum maximum  To 1.5 m high, 3-9 blue-violet rare pink fls in compact raceme. Kamchatka meadows produce this «maximum» plant

*Aconitum fisheri  To 2 m high erect endemic from Kamchatka with blue3-9 fls.

*Actaea erythrocarpa Baneberry Fls inconspicuous,  racemose,  elder-like  lvs. Attractive bright red berries are  ornamental, but poisonous. Forests of Kamchatka

*Actinidia arguta  Scandent  biggest  vine  from Ussurian taiga.  Tasty green berries, greenish-white fls, simple elliptic lvs.

*Actinidia polygama You can not eat orange spicy fruits of this vine (maybe, only after frost they are edible) but can enjoy  the beauty of this 2.5-6m long woody vine from Ussuri

*Aconitum stoloniferum To 3 m, twining stems, violet fls. Russkyi island

*Agastache rugosa (Lophanthus rugosus) To 1 m. Opposite lvs, spike-like infl. Typical for Labiatae lilac-blue fls. Rich in essential oils. Rocks in Ussuri

Ajania pallasiana: Silver-tomentose lvs, yellow  corymbs. Stony dry slopes of Amur, Ussuri, China and Korea. Excellent for Rock Gardens.

Allium condensatum: Chive 80cm h. Infl globose, pale yellow, 3-5cm diam. Stony slopes, rocks in Ussuri.

Allium shoenoprasum: Wild chive. Fls pink violet, lvs semi-terete, hollow at base. More useful than onion from kitchen garden and beautiful! Meadows, can survive in wet places.

Allium strictum: Wild chive with flat linear lvs from dry stony slopes of Okhotsk sea shore area.

Allium senescens: Flat lvs, pink semi-globose infl. 2-3 cm diam. Up to 60 cm high. Ussuri.

*Allium victorialis: Victory onion, cheremsha. I think the name of this onion with flat broad ovate lvs means victory in struggle with such  terrible disease in past as scurvy: many generations were saved in spring by this plant with white fls. Stone birch forests and meadows in Kamchatka. Still very popular here. I do not recommend to take taxi after eating of this plant: driver can increase payment for strong specific smell.

Alnus hirsuta: Alder. Middle size tree or tall shrub with simple pubescent lvs, cone-like catkins. Enriches soils by nitrogen. Asiatic species.

Alnus japonica: Close to above but lvs more narrow, acute. Coasts of Ussuri, Sakhalin, Kuriles.

Alnus fruticosa: Tall shrub with acute glabrous lvs. Hardy bush, grows everywhere on the North Far East.

*Alyssum lenense: Stems suffrutescens, adscendent, 4-20 cm long, linear woolly grey lvs, yellow fls in short raceme. Steppes of Urals. This species is named in honor of great Siberian river Lena. Vine 2m high with very ornamental coriaceous palmate lvs, inconspicuous fls, bluish or pale violet fr. Good for vertical landscaping. Enjoy shadow and quiet!

Ampelopsis japonica: Vine 2 m high with very ornamental coriaceous palmate lvs, inconspicuous fls, bluish or pale violet fr. Good for vertical landscaping. Enjoy shadow and quiet!

*Ampelopsis brevipedunculata: Differs from above: less dissected lvs, woody Asiatic climber

Anaphalis margaritacea: Pearly Everlasting. White and woolly everlasting from dry slopes of Kamchatka.

Anemone sibirica: Big white fls, early spring perennial.

*Anemone villosissima (Anemone narcissiflora var. villosissima): Dense pubescence helps this Anemone survive severe conditions of Bering island in Bering sea.

Andromeda polifolia: Beauty of this Ericaceous dwarf shrub is modest. Prostrate  ascending branches. Infl. subumbellate, fls pale pink. Lvs almost linear. E. Hulten wrote about this species from peat bogs: “ This plant contains andromedotoxin, a poison causing low blood pressure, breathing difficulty, vomiting, diarrhea and cramps”. And all these properties are in looking so modest and innocent plant!

*Androsace gorodkovii Endemic of Magadan region. Close to annual A.lactiflora (A.amurensis), 9 cm high, linear lvs, small white fls in umbels

Angelica amurensis: (A.cincta) Up to 2 m Angelica from Amur river with white umbels.

*Angelica chernjaevii: Up to 1.5m high. White fls. Ussurian forests.

*Angelica dahurica: Up to 3 m high, white fls. Monocarpic. Ussuri.

*Angelica genuflexa: Up to 2m high. Differs from other Angelica curved lvs. Horizontal rhizome. Fls white or pink. Kamchatka

Angelica maximoviczii: Up to 1 m Angelica from Ussurian region.

Angelica sachalinensis: Up to 2.5m Angelica that you can find only in Sakhalin, Kuriles and Hokkaido.

Angelica saxatilis: Lvs pinnately to ternately 1-3 times compound with broad lflets, infl white compound umbels. E.Viereck believes Angelica is a female tonic.

Angelica ursina: The real Giant herb (up to3.5m!), remarkable representative of famous tall forbs of Kamchatka and Sakhalin. In winter time with snow on their umbels these giants look as exotic trees from fairy tale.

Antennaria dioica: Everlasting with spatulate white wooly lvs in rosette and whitish-pink heads.

*Anthriscus aemula: Tall 50-120 cm height plant from Umbelliferae. Fls white, lvs with many thin narrow lflts. This Asiatic plant can grow along fence and hide you from curious glances of neighbours.

Aquilegia oxysepala: I think nobody will miss in my list this red-yellowish flowered Chinese - Japanese Columbine up to 1 m.

Aquilegia parviflora:... and this blue-flowered Siberian Columbine up to 50 cm from Kolyma river basin where frosts in wintertime -50 degrees C (not F!)

*Arcterica nana: only few seeds of this  tiny Ericaceous from Commander islands.

Gentlemen, attention, please! Again Ginseng Family! Do not hesitate to order following representative.

Aralia continentalis: (A.cordata) Large stout perennial herb 1-1.5 m. Twice pinnate lvs 50-100 cm long. Fls 3 mm across, umbellate. Fr. black. According to Ohwi, Japanese eat shoots!

Arenaria tschuktschorum: Firm mats from pungent lvs 1cm long, stems 10 cm with umbel-like infl of white pretty fls. Only dry scree slopes of East Siberia. Neighbors will envy something new from Caryophyllaceae family in your garden!

*Arenaria saxatilis (Eremogone saxatilis): Small tufts. Stems 20-50 cm. Lvs narrow as bristles. White small semi-umbels assembled in panicles. Dry stony slopes in Ural.

Arctous alpina: Big black lacquered berry in surrounding of reticulate lvs looks delicious but insipid in fact. This prostrate dwarf shrub deserves placement in rock gardens not for greenish-white fls but due to scarlet in autumn and persisting for a long time lvs.

Arisaema amurense: Amursk Jack-in-the pulpit from Arum Family. Cormose perennials, lvs palmately deeply divided, spathe green with white or reddish stripes. Fr. red, fleshy. Boggy places in moist Ussurian forests. Poisonous, medicinal.

Aristolochia mandshurica : Woody vine up to15m.Lvs cordate. Fls tubulate curled 6 cm long, green. 6-rib capsule 10cm long. Greeting from China and Ussurian taiga from Aristolochiaceae family.

Aristolochia contorta: Herbaceous vine up to 1 m. Fls yellow.

Armeniaca mandshurica: Tree 8-10 m. Pale pink fls 2.5 cm across appear before lvs. "Sa-kura" of Ussurian region. Dry slopes in oak forests.

Arnica frigida: Diminish sunflower many-many times, arrange stem lvs opposite and you receive Arnica.

*Arnica unalaschcensis: Close to above. Differs purplish not white pappus. Commander islands.

Artemisia arctica: Differs from other wormwood by fleshy green lvs and big heads. Erect up to 60cm. Mostly on stony places in mountains. Deserves your attention, dear Rock Gardeners!

*Artemisia borealis: Caespitose, stems from woody caudex often purplish, basal lvs 2-3-times pinnatifid with linear segments. Heads 3-4 mm diam. I found this species on the top of mountain. It was difficult to stand but this Artemisia is resistant to strong cold wind and friendly with Borei.

Artemisia gmelinii: I can identify this wormwood without looking at the plant: pleasant smell! This up to 1 m semi-shrub with dissected lvs grows on rocks mostly in Siberia and China.

Artemisia lagocephala: Purely East Siberian 60 cm h. semi-shrub with densely villous ascending branches. Lvs 3-lobate. Stony slopes in subalpine zone.

Artemisia kruhsiana: Differs from above more dissected twice 3-lobate lvs, also East Siberian species.

Artemisia laciniatiformis: This wormwood (up to 40cm h) is warmed in sun rays on dry slopes of Kamchatka.. Lvs twice pinnate dissected. In contrast to above whitish-grey plants this wormwood is green.

*Artemisia laciniata: Stems up to 70 cm high from thick caudex. Lvs 2-3-times pinnate. Head globular, nodding, 2-3mmdiam.Shrub thickets. Ussuri.

Artemisia lagopus: Very pleasant fragrant mat-forming wormwood, silver-silky dissected lvs. Dry stony slopes of Okhotsk sea shore area. Endemic. Excellent for R.G. Promotes sweet dreams all nights if you hang above your pillow.

Artemisia schmidtiana: This low wormwood from Sakhalin and Kuriles has silky-silver pubescence. Habitats on rocks and scree slope - what else do you need for not neglecting this species in your Rock Garden?

Artemisia stellerana: Beach-wormwood. Prostrate. Lvs white-tomentose, pretty, with rounded lobes. Sandy beaches, Kamchatka.

Artemisia stolonifera: Close to A.vulgaris but with stolons. To 1.2m. Ussurian woods.

Artemisia tilesii: I collected the seeds of this plant from Rock Garden created by God on Okhotsk sea shore. If you would like to stop erosion this plant can be useful. Lobed lvs white felted.

Aruncus kamtschaticus: Kamchatsk Goatbeard Both foliage and white fls attractive. Good garden plant 1-1.5m h.

Asparagus schoberioides: 1.2m tall Asparagus with gentle green cladodes, red fr. Sakhalin.

Aster alpinus: Violet heads, rosette lvs. Dry slopes.

*Aster incisus: To 1.5m, stems branched, blue heads 3-3.5cm diam. in peltate infl. Lvs deeply lobate, dentate. Ussurian woods.

*Aster maackii: To 85 cm, branched in upper part. Heads 4cm across. Lvs shallow dentate. Ussuri

Aster sibiricus: Similar to above, but lvs alternate on the stem. Meadows.

*Aster tataricus: To 1.5m. Stems slightly branched, heads 3-5 cm diam, on densely pubescent peduncules. Ligules blue or purplish-pink. Ussuri.

Astilbe chinensis: Stems to 1 m. Lvs 2-4 times ternately compound. Pale rose racemes in dense thickets resemble pink fog. Moist Ussurian forests.

*Astragalus marinus: 50-60cm high, stems numerous ,adscending, fls from white to blue, 20 mm long. Endemic of Okhotsk sea shore and Ussuri. Near sea on the rocks, sand.

Astragalus frigidus: Stems erect, stout, fls yellow, numerous, legume inflated, membranous. Banks of streams.

*Astragalus  gorchakovii (A.uralensis): 10-30 cm high, fls 10-15 mm long, yellowish-white  with dark-violet tip. Lvs small, infl. big. Rocks in alpine belt in Urals.

*Astragalus helmii: 0.5-1.5 cm long, silvery pubescent, fls pale yellow, 21-26 mm. Ural endemic

Astragalus polaris: Mat-forming low perennial, tiny leaflets, lilac-purple fls, pod strongly inflated. Gravel. Rare.

Astragalus schelichovii: Fls dirty-yellow, stems prostrate, silver pubescent. Gravels, dry slopes. East Siberian plant.

Astragalus tugarinovii: Milk Vetch. Fls pink-white, leaflets narrow. Stems erect. East Siberia.

*Atractyloides obovata: 70 cm high, lvs coriaceous, with bristles on margins, ternate, pinnatifid or simple, White tubular fls in heads 2 cm diam. Oak forests. This pure Far-Eastern species from Asteraceae family is strongly recommended by Ussurian healers for men.

Astrocodon kruhseanus: Siberian Bellflower with wide open big fls. It will awake other plants in the morning in your Rock Garden. It is shorter than other bellflowers and perfectly adapted to scree slopes.

Atragene ochotensis: Vine, big solitary blue campanulate fls, ternate lvs. Fr are hairy silky balls. Asiatic plant. Flourishes in Canadian Ontario in the garden of my first client.

*Atragene ochotense var. rubicunda: variety with red fls.

Beckmannia syzigachne: American sloughgrass. Annual grass with solitary or tufted culms up to 80 cm tall. Wet places .Panicles of strongly inflated spikelets are good for dry compositions. It can prevent erosion along roads.

Berberis amurensis: Similar to Berberis vulgaris, but fls, fr and seeds are bigger. Ussuri.

Bergenia crassifolia. I saw this species in many Rock Gardens.  But you can boast: this species from Pacific area. Big over wintered black lvs are popular in Siberia and Far East for medicinal tea.

Betula platyphylla: White Birch.

Betula middendorffii: Divaricate tall shrub with roundish leathery lvs. Close to American B.glandulosa:

*Betula dahurica: Black birch. It is good supplement to white birch. 25m tall, old trunks blackish-gray replacing by young gray-purplish bark. Ussuri.

Betula ermanii: Stone Birch. Dominant tree in Kamchatka with pinkish-white bark and slightly crooked stems. "Drunken" stone birch forests you can see everywhere when you fly in helicopter above Kamchatka.

Betula exilis: Do you know Betula nana? This is the same. Dwarf birch.

Betula schmidtii: Due to hard heavy wood Ussurians call this tree Iron birch. Bark darker compare to white birch.

Bupleurum ajanense: Yellow greenish small Umbelliferae with linear lvs from scree slopes of sea of Okhotsk -.

Cacalia auriculata: Reniform large lvs with auricles. Stone Birch forests in Kamchatka.

Cacalia hastata: Indian plantain. Lvs triangular-hastate, heads in long infl. Up to 1 m plants from Aster Family.

*Cacalia praetermissa: Differs from above: wings on petioles. Russkyi island.

Cacalia robusta: It justifies its Latin name : in Sakhalin it reaches 3m. Fls whitish-yellow.

Campanula langsdorffiana: Siberian Bellflower close to well known C. rotundifolia. Dry stony slopes.

Caragana jubata: Pretty monster! Pink big fls! Terrible thorns! Wooly shrub hangs from crevices in vertical rocks. Grows on dry steppe slopes as well. Central-Asian plant. Rare in our region. Seeds need pre-treatment: scarification or soak quickly in sulphuric acid.

Cardiocrinum glehnii: (Lilium glehnii) Lvs cordate, fls horizontal, greenish-white, tubular, 7-10cm long. Wilderness of Sakhalin and Japan gave birth this impressive Lily. Double stratification for seeds is recommended.

Cassiope ericoides: This Ericaceous montane species is so known among Rock Gardeners. Those who have never seen it, I ask imagine dwarf shrub with imbricate appressed grooved on back lvs and white miniature bell shaped fls. Do you still hesitate that it deserves an honourable place in your Rock Garden?

*Cassiope lycopodioides: This is something! I doubt that Ericaceous lovers have this tiny Cassiope with only 2 mm diam prostrate branches. Mountain slopes in Kamchatka.

Caulophyllum robustum: Blue Cohosh. 40-80cm high glaucescent plant with 2-3-ternate lvs, yellow small fls. Especially ornamental in fall due to blue-black berry-like fr. When I look at such bluish plants I would like to refer them to plants from Mars, but this is from Ussuri.

Cirsium kamchaticum: For those who like something extraordinary. Up to 2m h. Pungent lvs, purple large heads, nodding in age. This is not a weed, not at all. This is another component of famous Kamchatka tall forbs.

Celastrus orbiculatus: Oriental Bittersweet. Climbing to several m. Elliptic lvs. Staff-tree Family. Ornamental in fruits: capsules bright orange, seeds with bright red aril. Keeps bright colors in winter time in dry compositions indoors. Ussurian forests.

Celastrus flagellaris: All differences between this species and C.orbiculatus as follows: Stipules deciduous (C.orbiculatus) - Stipules becoming spiny (C.flagellaris).

Cerasus maximoviczii: 2.5m tree, dark grey bark, white fls. Due to black fr. this species is placed in Prunus by some authors.

Cerasus sachalinensis: Wild cherry from Ussurian region and Sakhalin. Tree up to 20 m high, pale-pink abundant fls.. Do you need more words about this pretty tree?

Chamaedaphne calyculata: Ericaceous 15-50cm, coriaceous lanceolate lvs. Modest white fls 6mm long warn about danger- boggy peat places.

Chamaerhodos erecta: Biennial from Rosaceae 50cm with pale-pink or white small fls. Steppe slopes of Kolyma. Real Siberian.

Chimaphila umbellata: Prince's pine, pipsissewa. Dwarf 30cm prostrate semi-shrub with coriaceous dark green lvs and pink wheel-like fls 8-12mm across creating umbels from 2-8 fls. Forests.

Chosenia arbutifolia: The most fast growing tall tree in our region. Very ornamental: glaucous lvs, red bark, on old trees you can observe exfoliation. Heroic tree: very resistant to  strong floods. Especially attractive in winter time: forests along rivers on background of white snow and gloomy leafless Larches resemble pink fog. Needs good drainage, occurs only on gravels on flood plains.

Cimicifuga dahurica: Bugbane. Tall perennial, white long raceme, ternate lvs. Unpleasant odor. Ussuri.

Cimicifuga heracleifolia: Differs from above: dioecious (not monoecious) fls.

Cimicifuga simplex: Similar to above, but infl unbranched. Kamchatka forbs.

Clausia aprica - Violet glandulose Cruciferae 20 cm high with large petals from hot dry slopes of Kolyma river. Yes, it can be very hot in summer here! "Aprica" means this perennial likes sunbathe.

Claytonia acutifolia: Spring-beauty. Brown bears like this plant for starch roots, I like for bright pink or white fls with distinct veins. 20cm, lvs mostly in rosette, lanceolate, thick as it should be in Portulacaceae.

Clematis brevicaudata: White fls in corymbs, white heads, pinnate lvs. Scandent vine, shrub thickets, Ussurian region.

Clematis fusca: Erect or scandent vine ,velvet brown solitary pendulous fls, curly rust-golden balls-heads.

Clintonia udensis: Bead Lily 40cm. Confusing plant because berry-like blue fr. transform later in dry capsule without blue color. Two wide lvs near base, lfless erect scape bearing an umbel of showy yellowish-white fls. Likes shade.

Clinopodium chinense: 50 cm. Dense infl. Lamiacea zygomorphic red fls.

Cochlearia officinalis: This annual-biannual Cruciferae with erect or prostrate stems 30-40 cm high, small white fls and reniform rosette lvs is very famous: in 1741 Georg Steller used it as antiscorbutic remedy during dramatic period of Second Kamchatka Expedition Bering Island.

Codonopsis lanceolata: Twining stems, thick rhizomes, campanulate up to 3 cm greenish outside, violet white spotty inside fls. Rhombic lvs are clustered in 3-4. Stimulant (for female and male?).

Comarum palustre: (Potentilla palustris) Marsh Five finger. 5-foliate lvs, purple fls., ascending stems. Justifies Latin name: grows on bogs.

Convallaria keiskei: Lily of the valley from Far East.

Cornus alba: I like this shrub up to 3 m in winter time: bright red twigs on snow background and white-bluish as snow fruits.

Cornus canadensis: Dwarf cornel, bunchberry. 10-20cm stems bear whorled lvs, fls greenish, yellow to purplish. Especially ornamental in autumn: bright globose red frs above purplish lvs make attractive coniferous forests of Sakhalin when other plants withered.

Cornus suecica: Swedish Cornel. Low 5-15 cm herbs with few pairs of cauline lvs as well as the terminal cluster .Fls dark purple, in a head 2-2.5cm across, the 4 white elliptic petal-like bracts. Fr.a cluster of red round drupes.

*Corydalis gorodkovii: I was able to collect only 100 seeds of this completely unknown in cultivation tuberous species. Some of them I need to save for experiments. Excuse me if I am not generous in seed quantity per packet. Occurs among stones as in stony desert on the top of mountains reachable by helicopter. Who will late, I recommend to pay attention at C.magadanica: this species is more luxury.

   Corydalis magadanica: Yellow fleshy roundish corms, whitish-yellow or   white big fls, glaucous lvs. Endemic of the North Okhotsk sea shore. First spring   tender plant in our region. Grows on dry slopes.

Crataegus chlorosarca: Kamchatsk Hawthorn. Small deciduous tree with spines, lvs ovate, 5-10cm long, lobed to incised, fls white, drupes black. Unforgettable impression in autumn: bloody red lvs and dark purple bark on the background of Kamchatka volcanoes and mountains covered by snow.

Crataegus flabellata: Fanleaf hawthorn introduced in Sakhalin.

Crataegus maximoviczii Shrub or tree up to 7m.Native for Ussuri.

*Crataegus pinnatifida: Tree up to 5 m high.  Fls white,  later pinkish. Fr.up to 15 mm long,  scarlet and very useful, medicinal. You can find them on markets in Ussurian region.

Cypripedium yatabeanum: Bad news for Cyp lovers who spent all money ordering from other catalogs. This Cyp from Kamchatka.

*Daphne kamtschatica: One of the treasures of Kamchatka. Dioecious erect small shrub with thick yellow-brown branchlets.  Lvs  cuneate-obovate, infl. axillary, sessile, fls yellow, on very short pedicels, fr. bright red. Due to wet summer the harvest is very poor. Stone birch forests in Kamchatka.

*Daphne jezoensis: According to keys fls of this species are twice bigger than above. I did not see them. This up to 0.5 m shrub  with  yellow fls grows in Sakhalin, Kurile islands and Japan. Price of both species $1 per seed. If it is too expensive for your pocket you can try to organize the group of people and travel to Kamchatka and Ussuri at current airfares.

Dendranthema arctica: Arctic Daisy is an ornament of Kamchatka, Sakhalin and Okhotsk sea shore rocks. The white heads about 8 cm across with yellow centre on the background of fleshy pinnatifid lvs greet sea tides the whole summer. The attractive perennial with creeping habit will create dense clump in your Rock Garden.

Denranthema coreanum: Up to 50 cm high,3-15 heads 3-7 cm diam, ligules white, rare violet-pink. Rocks near sea shore. Ussuri.

Dendranthema maximoviczii: Up to 40 cm high. 2-6 heads 3-5 cm diam. Ligules white or pink. Limestone rocks. Ussuri.

Dendranthema nactongense: (Chrysanthemum nactongense) Up to 70 cm high with solitary or 2-5 pinkish infl 3-5 cm diam. Occurs in Ussurian region and Korea. Pretty.

Dendranthema sichotense: (syn. D. oreastrum) Differs from above shorter stem up to 30cm h, bigger heads 4-6cm diam .Rocks and scree slopes in Ussuri.

Dendranthema zawadskii: : First time I saw this plant on bank of the river running from limestone rocks. All botanists are very exciting by limestone flora. Besides, I was very young. I like this plant with pink or white fls

Deutzia amurensis: Shrub 1.5 m. Lvs elliptic. Peltate white infl 4-7 cm across, fls 1.2 cm diam. No odor but ornamental.

Deutzia glabrata: Differs from above: nude peduncules, slightly bigger fls. Ussuri.

Diapensia obovata: Dense cushions are covered white fls. They brighten up the grey stony background in highlands.

Dianthus amurensis: Ascending numerous stems 40 cm bearing pink fls 4 cm across. Grows on the rocks near sea shore in Ussuri.

    Dianthus repens: (See photo on left).  Mats forming up to 20 cm carnation with glaucous lvs. Fls    rose-colored 10-20 mm long. Sandy and rocky places. Survives in high Arctic.

Dianthus chinensis: In contrast to nude D.repens, this plant pubescent, 20 cm high, caespitose or with solitary shoots. Fls from light pink to purplish. Stony slopes. Ussuri.

Dicentra peregrina: Broken heart. 35cm h.Fls about 20 mm long, purplish to rose, bilaterally symmetrical. Lvs bluish green, dissected into linear lobes. Stony and scree places. East-Asiatic plant. Charming!

Dimorphostemon pectinatus: Can you excuse me - annual? Up to 50 cm white small-flowered Cruciferae with glands came from China to Okhotsk sea shore along river gravels.

Dioscorea nipponica: Scandent  dioecious perennial. Lvs resemble some ivy lvs. Fls small, in racemes, yellowish green. Thickets in lowland to the foothills. Rhizomes are very popular in oriental medicine.

Draba aleutica: It is true, it occurs on Aleutian Islands. But this is from Commander Islands. Very densely tufted, fls pale yellow, silicles obovate to broadly pyriform. Solifluction areas in mountains. Montane tundra species is not easily to germinate. Please, let me know if you will have success.

Draba cinerea: Tomentose white floweredDraba40cm h. from dry slopes of Siberia.

*Draba grandis: I published «Detective story about one Linnaean species of Cruciferae» Linzer Biol. Beitr. 1995, 27/2, pp.1115-1122. This is about this species as well. Very unusual Draba. Huge lvs (more than 10 cm), yellow fls, 17 cm high. But this is on rookeries of Commander Islands. Report, please, what size will be in your Rock Garden.

Draba ussuriensis: From distance this Draba looks as white cloud dropped on the rocks. This scapose perennial Cruciferae meets and exceeds the requirements of real Rock Garden plant!

Dracocephalum palmatum: Creates cushions. Violet fls of typical for Labiatae form. Strong pleasant odor. Native only in Siberia, where colonizes barren stony slopes resisting hot sun rays. Unknown in culture. Sorry for rejecting many orders last year due to small seed quantity, this year crop is better.

Dryas grandis: As other Dryas but very big in all parts, lvs tomentose beneath. Fls white. Gravels. Did not penetrate America.

Dryas punctata (incl. D.octopetatla) Dryas is a symbol of Scottish Rock Garden Club and does not need comments.

Dryas ajanensis: Differs from above whitish-grey dense pubescence on lvs. Montane tundra

Echinocystis lobata (Balsam apple, wild cucumber): Ornamental monoecious climbing annual from Cucurbitaceae 7-10m long. Lvs with triangular lobes. Staminate fls in long erect racemes, the pistillate short pedunculed. Along fences around houses in Ussuri.

Eleutherococcus senticosus: (Acanthopanax senticosus) Siberian Ginseng. Shrub covered by numerous prickles. Lvs palmate. Fls small, in umbels. Stimulant, especially of mental activity. If you drink the drops of rhizome extraction you will able to read my seed list to the end.

Elsholtzia patrinii: (E.ciliata) Another annual but spicy with mint smell representative of Labiatae

*Emenion raddeanum: Ephemeroid,  rhizomatous plant 20-25 cm h. Twice ternate lvs. 1.5 cm diam white fls create umbelloid infl. Ussurian forest.

Empetrum nigrum: Crowberry Procumbent dwarf shrub with creeping branches. Lvs remind Phyllodoce lvs, fls inconspicuous, but fr. are black shining big berries. Edible. Good for juice and jam. All parts are medicinal, especially roots accumulated healing power of northern tundra.

Epilobium angustifolium: Fireweed. Lilac-purple symbol of summer. Blooming thickets of tall plants resemble flame. Tall, erect.

Erigeron oharae: (Aster spathulifolius) Stems slightly woody 15-20cm long, branched from base, densely hirsute. Lvs thick, puberulent. Heads3.5-4 cm across, blue purple. Only on the rocks near seashore in Ussurian region. It is something! And new for your Rock Garden!

*Erigeron peregrine: Looks as Aster sibiricus but white, pink, purplish or blue ligules arranged in few rows.

*Epimedium coreanum: Genus Epimedium is popular among gardeners and do not need advertisement. Three colors combined in pretty fls: white, pink sepals and yellow spur. Mirmecochorous seeds are difficult to germinate.

Eritrichium sericeum: Blue sky coloured fls resemble Forget-Me-Not. Silky silver lvs. Creates cushions. Dry burning by hot sun rays slopes with steppe vegetation in Kolyma basin.

Ermania parryoides: You can find this rare species from Cruciferae (Mustard) Family only in our seed list. Endemic of Magadan region and Chukotka (close to Bering Strait, but did not penetrate America). Low tomentose perennial with cuneate to flabellate 3-6-lobed lvs. Fls in short racemes, white and whitish purple. Ideally adapted to rocky slopes, even to moving scree slopes.

*Erythronium sibiricum: This bulbous plant resembles me exotic tropical pink bird flying above two opposite elliptic lvs. Altai meadows.

Welcome to Euonymus (Wahoo) kingdom whose charm is not in the fls or foliage but striking hanging fruits with pretty" eyes”.

*Euonymus maackii: (Maack Wahoo) Deciduous tall shrub up to 3m, lvs elliptic, fls pale green, small, fr. ornamental when ripe.

Euonymus maximoviczii: I was very impressed this Ussurian tree up to 2.5 m in fall: without lvs but with abundant 4 winged capsules hanging on 10 cm long peduncules, seeds with orange red arils. This is something for the neighbors to speak about!

Euonymus macroptera: Tree up to 9m. Lvs elliptic, acute at top. Fls greenish-white. Infl 9-21 fls.

Euonymus pauciflora: Shrub 1.5-2.5 m. Capsule 4-angled, 4-lobed. Seeds black with orange aril. This bright "eyes" wink at you in windy weather.

Euonymus sachalinensis: Up to 2m, lvs almost coriaceous, glossy, 5-15 purplish fls in pendulous umbels, capsule dark pink. Native for Sakhalin and Japan.

Euonymus sacrosancta: Shrub up to 4m with solitary or 3-clustered fls.

Eupatorium lindleanum: Boniest "Pink cloud" on the meadow. 40-70 cm. Opposite lvs, heads numerous, small, in dense corymbs. Ussurian inhabitant.

*Falcata japonica: Herbaceous vine 1 m long with ternate lvs and modest 15 mm long lilac fls. Ussurian forests.

Filipendula palmata: To 1.5m, lvs tomentose beneath. Meadows of China, Korea, Eastern Siberia and Russian Far East. Pretty in fls, tea has honey smell.

Filipendula kamtschatica: Another representative of famous Kamchatka tall forbs 1-2 m long with palmately (3-5)- cleft lvs, fls small, white or slightly pink in large infl. Meadows. How tall will it be in your area?

Forsythia obovata.: Chinese deciduous shrub cultivated successfully on south of the Russian Far East.

Fraxinus mandshurica: Mandshursk Ash. Large deciduous tree, lvs opposite, 7-11 foliate . Ussurian region.

Fraxinus rhynchophylla: Ornamental fast-growing tree 10-12 m. Lvs in all hues of golden-yellow to purple in fall. It will be greeting from Ussuri in your dendrological collection.

Fritillaria camschatcensis: Kamchatsk Lily with globose bulbs, stems 10-50cm long, lvs in verticils, fls dark chocolate, broadly campanulate, fetid, but exotic color and graceful habit justify its presence in your garden. Meadows, rocky places along the streams.

*Fritillaria ussuriense: Differs from above: lvs and bracts with tendrils, variegate fls with chess pattern. Ussuri and Chinese remarkable representative.

Galium verum: Yellow bedstraw. Attention women! E.Viereck believes this herb helps to be slimmer due to special metabolism of its organic acids. Lvs in whorls of 8-12, fls in dense showy cymose panicle.

*Galium kamtschaticum: Differs from above white small fls.

Gentiana algida: Canadian visitor noticed variegate color of this famous montane Gentian is different from plants of montane Canadian Arctic. Highlands meadows in Kolyma basin.

Gentiana auriculata: 5-20cm, biennial, fls blue, 2-3 cm long, the lobes of calyx auriculate.

Gentiana barbata: Biennial 50cm, long blue petals ciliate.

Gentiana glauca: Perennial 5-10 cm, fls pale blue about 2 cm long. With above species this is modest addition to your Gentian collection.

Gentiana tenella: Just for collectors of Gentians this small branched plant with tiny 6-10mm long blue fls can be of interest.

Gentiana triflora: Perennial 50cm, fls are solitary or of 5 in axils and on the top, fascinating light blue color, 4cm long. Siberia.

Geranium erianthum: Perennial 30-40 cm,lvs5-7-lobed, 3-5 fls 2-3 cm across, rose-violet. We can presume that in past this species migrated across Beringian Bridge from Asia to Alaska and back. Let us help to distribute this pleasant plant further!

*Geum macrophyllum: Impressive Geum 50 cm h. from Commander Islands. Pinnate rosette lvs really big,  fls 10-15 mm diam., yellow. Gravels, river banks, meadows.

Glehnia littoralis: 40cm, from Sakhalin littoral. I am sure Umbelliferae lovers do not omit this interesting almost buried in the sand plant so different from another Umbelliferae. One client informed me it is good remedy for lungs, especially in dry climate.

*Globularia aphyllanthes: 5-25 cm h., lvs linear or elliptic, basal lvs in rosette, fl.. solitary, globose, 0.8-1.5 cm diam. Fls grey-blue, zygomorphic. Rare relic plant from limestone of Ural.

*Goniolimon speciosum: This is a greeting from salty steppes of Ural. 10-50 cm h. Rosette lvs wide-lanceolate,  imbricate 2-rows spikes assembled in panicle or peltate infl. 1.5-2.5 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide. Petals violet-pink.

 Gorodkovia jakutica: Endemic of North-East Siberia from alpine belt. Compound pinnate lvs, white with violet hue fls, curled after blooming stems.

Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora: (Lycorice) Herbaceous stems 1-1.5 m, fls pale-violet, 9-10 mm long, in dense racemes, lvs pinnate. Pungent pods in dense heads look strange: as multiple monster head. Promising for medicine.

Gypsophila pacifica: Branched perennial70cm, glaucous, lvs linear to lanceolate. Fls white, small, in paniculate infl. Also very promising for medicine.

*Gypsophila patrinii (G. sambukii): Can you imagine pink small fls assembled in dense heads above needle-like fleshy rosette lvs? It will be this plant 16 (20) cm  h. First time in my catalog. Since this is Siberian endemic I doubt you can find it in another catalog. This is another greeting from wonderful world of limestones in Magadan region.

Gypsophila violacea: Low (8-10 cm) branched perennial, dark violet fls, numerous glands. Very good for Rock Gardens.

Halenia corniculata: Spurred Gentian. This pale yellow flowered (6-7 mm long with spur 3-7 mm) annual can be addition to your Gentian collection.

Hedysarum hedysaroides: Typical for Pea family large dark purple fls in short infl. Stem not branched, low. Gravel.

*Hedysarum gmelinii: From Ural. Differences in pattern of veins on fruits.

Hedysarum sp.

Heracleum moellendorffii: Stems up to 70-100cm long, pinnate large lvs,    umbels large, rays 7-10cm long. Ussuri.

Heracleum dulce: Over 2 m tall giant from Kamchatka. In contrast to above species lvs 3-foliate. Everybody who visited Tromso in Norway remembered this city first of all due to giant Heracleum on the streets.

Heteropappus saxomarinus: This looking as Aster plant up to 30 cm with many pink or blue infl grows on coast rocks of Ussuri and Korea.

Honkenia peploides: Sea Purslane, sea beach sandwort. Trailing flashy rhizomatous plants. Fls whitish, fr globose. Sands of Okhotsk sea shore.

Hordeum jubatum: Would you like to have pink-red silky waves in your garden in fall? Plant this grass 20-50 cm high from Okhotsk seashore! Only here the spikes are raspberry-red coloured in autumn.

Hydrangea paniculata: Branched shrub. Lvs elliptic. Infl. pyramidal, 9-18 cm diam., neutral fls white or pale rose. Easy pruning.

Hosta lancifolia (Funkia lancifolia) Lvs lanceolate. Fls purplish, tubular (typical for Lily family), in simple raceme. Rhizomatous plant, rare in Ussuri.

Hypericum ascyron: Perennial 50-80 cm tall, fls yellow to reddish, 4-6 cm across. Meadows. Ussurian region.

Hypericum gebleri: Little bit smaller in all parts than above. Amur basin.

Hypericum attenuatum: Resembles above, but much smaller in all parts. Ussurian region.

*Hypericum kamtschaticum: To 30 cm h., fls pale yellow, 1.2-1.5 cm diam. Kamchatka meadows, stone birch forests.

Iris ensata (I.kaempferi): To 80 cm h. Fls purplish-violet with yellow spots. Ussurian meadows.

Iris laevigata: Lvs are longer than stems. Fls 1.5 cm, blue. Wet places.

Iris setosa: Wild Flag Would you like to arrange blue Iris meadow in your garden from hardy plant from Siberia? Smaller than above but much less capricious.

*Jeffersonia dubia: Solitary blue 2.5 cm diam fls pretty. Plant scapose, 15-20 cm h. Petioles 20 cm long ending bypeltate lvs. Blooms in April in Ussuri.

Juniperus davurica: Dahursk Juniper Prostrate shrub with needle-like lvs. Terminal short twigs are covered scale-like lvs. Rocks of eastern Siberia, Mongolia and Russian Far East.

Juniperus rigida: Tree up to 10 m. Crown oval. Needles rigid, 25-28 mm long, in 3. Fr. black, glaucous, 6-10 mm across. Rock or coast sands in Ussuri and Japan.

Juniperus sargentii: Prostrate shrub. Round twigs are covered scale-like glaucous lvs. Coast rocks of Sakhalin, Kuriles and Japan.

Juniperus sibirica: Siberian Juniper. Evergreen prostrate shrub forming patches, lvs needle-like, fr glaucous-blue. Would you like gin, medicine or to train your skill in pruning and getting miraculous green animals?

*Lagotis glauca: In Russia people call it vanilla grass due to pleasant smell of small blue fls in spike-form infl. Basal lvs 1-3 ovate to nearly orbiculate, fleshy. Wet places in Kamchatka tundra.

Larix gmelinii (L.dahurica ): If you would like to have in your garden collection of trees real East Siberian tree try to grow Dahursk Larch. It will excite you in spring by delicate green needle appearance. In fall you will long for bright summer looking at golden dropping needles. This species is a winner in hard competition with other trees in our severe conditions of permafrost, icy wind and incredible low temperature.

Lathyrus maritimus: Beach Pea. Decumbent to suberect perennial, fls 5-10, purple, lvs glaucous, fleshy.

Ledum palustre: Labrador Tea. Low shrub, fls white, in umbel-like clusters, lvs linear, shiny above, brown woolly beneath. Popular as medicinal.

Ledum decumbens: Narrow leaf form of L.palustre, in mountains prostrate.

Ledum hypoleucum: Differs from L.palustre by bigger lvs white tomentose beneath, therefore more ornamental. Strong odorous felt in forests, Sakhalin people consider it exciting -.

Leontopodium stellatum: Stellate Edelweiss. Endemic of North Okhotsk sea shore with big infl. Dry slopes. If you need evidence of your love to ladies, you need this plant.

Leontopodium leontopodioides: More modest than above without distinct "star". Perfectly adapted to growing on rocks in Eastern Siberia, Mongolia, Ussuri, China and Korea.

Lespedeza bicolor: Ornamental shrub 1-3m, fls pink, in pendulous racemes, lvs elliptic. Fixes Nitrogen in poor soils.

Lespedeza tomentosa: Would you like to have species from Himalayas? You don’t need to travel so far. It occurs in Ussuri as well. In contrast to above shrub this plant has herbaceous stems up to 80cm h. Fls 7-9mm long, clustered racemes, white or creamy-white.

Leymus mollis: Dunegrass Stout, erect, glaucous, culms hairy under dense spike. Good for anti erosive aims.

Ligularia fischeri: 1.5m representative of Asiatic genus Asteraceae, lvs cordate-reniform, raceme-like infl yellow. Wet forests and meadows.

Ligusticum scoticum: Scotch lovage. Biternate lvs ornamental, fls white or pinkish in umbels. Sea shore.

Lilium buschianum: Up to 0,7-1m. Fls 1-6, red orange, with small dark spots, petals up to 4 cm long. Ussuri  plus Mongolia and Eastern Siberia.

Lilium callosum: 30-100cm h. Fls few, nodding, orange-red, 3-4cm long. Dry slopes in oak forests in Ussuri.

Lilium cernum: 80(100)cm h., 1-3(8) fls nodding, lilac coloured with brown spots, up to 4 cm diam. Dry slopes, rocks near seashore. Occurs in oak forests of Ussuri, China and Korea.

Lilium debile: L.medeoloides) 70cm, 1-10  fls pendulous, 4-6cm diam., orange-red, dark spotty.

Lilium distichum: Up to 0.6-1 m. Fls 1-5, pendulose, yellow-orange, with rare dark spots, 6-8 cm across. I suspect you don't have this pretty Lily that occurs in Ussuri, China and Koreas well.

Lilium pumilum: (L.tenuifolium)1m, linear alternate lvs, fls pendulous, brightly red, seldom yellow, without spots.

Linnaea borealis: Twinflower. Many people know this plant (named in honour of great Carl Linnaeus) with creeping stems and elegant miniature whitish to rose nodding campanulate fls. But how many people are familiar with fruits of this plant that is so common in North hemisphere? Now small seed amount is available.

Linum komarovii: Komarov flax. If people compare pretty blue eyes with this flower I do not need describe the heavenly beauty of Linum color. Once planted you can enjoy this miraculous color every summer because this is perennial. Lvs linear. Flourishes along the streams on carbonate water drained soil or on dry slopes in Kolyma basin.

Linum amurense: The same as L.komarovii but fls smaller: petals 0.8-1.3 cm long. Amur and Ussuri basins.

Lomatogonium rotatum: Marsh-felwort. Annual Gentianaceae 40cm, but stop, don't neglect: rotate plate-form fls color is as sky during good weather.

Lonicera (Honeysuckle) edulis: Blue delicious oblong berries of this shrub are the favourite and most valuable berries in our region

   Lonicera chamissoi: Transparent red globose double berries are not edible.    Very ornamental shrub due to fr. and pink big fls. Forests of East Asia.

Lonicera chrysantha: Ornamental shrub up to 4m with yellow fls 1.4-2cm long in lvs axils. Fr.5-9 mm across, red. Collected in Ussuri.

Lonicera maackii: 5m shrub, fls 2cm long, white, axillary. Ornamental. Ussuri

Lonicera maximoviczii: 3.5m shrub, fls purplish-violet, 1cm, fr. double, bright red.

Lonicera ruprechtiana: To 3 m h., glandulose lvs, fls 14-18 mm long, white. Fr. red. Ornamental. Ussurian forests.

Lychnis fulgens: Up to 1 m Caryophyllaceae with fire-red fls. Striking bright color of this plant you can see in forests and meadows of Ussuri. It seems the scarlet flame of these plants can be seen even at night time.

Lychnis sibirica: Up to 30 cm 2-9 stems from the root bearing pink or white fls 7-12 mm long. Dry places in Siberia, Mongolia, Russian Far East. Recommend for Rock Gardens.

    *Lychnis ajanensis: Differs from above: pubescent stems shorter, fls bigger.    It was risky to obtain seeds from vertical rocks where it grows in cracks. But    its beauty deserves it. I award this species the honourable title «Seed    2001».

Maackia amurensis: I am glad to suggest this real Amur-Ussurian species from Leguminosae family for the first time in my list. Tree up to 5m, infl of 3-7 whitish racemes arranged in a panicle.7-11leaflets ovate ,4-7 cm long. Legumes broadly linear, 6-9 cm long.

Magnolia kobus: Successfully introduced in Ussurian region middle size tree.

Majanthemum bifolium: False Lily-of-the-Valley. Lvs cordate, small white fls in raceme, red globose berries.

Majanthemum dilatatum: Differs from above wider dark green glossy lvs.

Menispermum dahuricum: Let me know, please if you will be successful in growing this remarkable vine 5m long with peltate lvs, greenish-yellow 20-30 fls 6mm diam, black poisonous berries. From rocks and shrub thickets of Ussuri. Rhizomes are good remedy for hypertension.

    *Mertensia maritima: One of the most beautiful plants of sand beach of    Okhotsk sea shore. You will not tired this plant: campanulate blue fls change    their color to pink on the background of fleshy glaucous lvs.

*Micromeles alnifolia (Sorbus alnifolia, Micromeles Section): Tree  15  m h.  Lvs  ovate, fls white, 1.6cm across, inf corymbose. Fr apple-like, red, 8-12 mm long, edible. Exotics from Ussuri.

Miscanthus purpurascens: Very ornamental grass from Ussurian region. Especially pretty silky pink-violet panicle.

*Myosotis suaveolens: Forget me not with Russian accent.

Moehringia lateriflora: Small Caryophyllaceae plant with pure white auxillary fls resembling tiny stars dropped in dense shadow forest.

Myrica tomentosa: Sweet Gale. Shrub up to 1m tall with odorous resin-dots. Lvs cuneate-oblanceolate. Swamps. I can't understand why this species is so popular, the reason of abundant inquires is smell, medicinal properties or something else?

Nardosmia frigida: (Petasites frigidus) Northern sweet coltsfoot. Tomentose beneath lvs are warm in fact. Your choice: grow this plant for treatment of cough or ask this plant colonize bare gravel along stream in your garden.

Nardosmia glacialis: (Petasites glacialis) Differs from above nude on both sides ovate lvs, solitary heads. Scree slopes and gravels. Endemic of East Siberia.

Oenothera muricata: Introduced in Ussurian region species of Evening-Primrose.

Orostachys spinosa: Rosettes 2-6 cm diam., almost globose, Spike-like green-yellowish raceme 5-15 cm long. Rocks. Kids call this plant "Hare cabbage".

Oxycoccus microcarpus: Cranberry from bogs of Sakhalin.

Oxyria digyna: Mountain Sorrel. Very popular as substitute of sourdock in wilderness. Up to 35 cm high, lvs reniform. Fls small, but fr. with red wings therefore attractive in fall.

Oxytropis excerta: Up to 15 cm, silky grey pubescent. Fls 3-5 in raceme, 2.5 cm long, pendulous, purplish. Fr.1.5-2cm long, outstanding from calyx. Gravels and rocks of Anadyr and Kolymabasins, Kamchatka and Northern Kuriles. Endemic

Oxytropis maydelliana: Caespitose, lvs 11-21-foliate, pilose. Fls yellow, brown stipules. Stony slopes. Again example of Beringian connections between America and Asia. Candidate in Rock Garden. I suspect it can survive even in dry seasons in Australia.

Oxytropis ochotensis: Endemic of Okhotsk sea area up to 15cm h, fls purple, silver lvs. Scree slopes in tundra.

Oxytropis pumilio: Dwarf, mat forming, 3-5 pairs lvs, fls violet. Dry tundra.

Oxytropis revoluta Racemes 2-5-flowered, petals bluish-violet to purplish, fr. black and white pubescent. Lvs 7- 13 foliate .Plant densely turfed. Stony slopes, river banks. Kamchatka.

*Oxytropis ruthenica: «Ruthenica» means Russian. Purplish fls, silky pubescent, 25 cm h. Endemic of Ussuri.

Oxytropis strobilacea: Fls 18-20 mm, violet-purple, lvs and fr silky pubescent. Kasmchatka.

*Oxytropis sp. Cushion silky pubescent plant from limestones of mount Ezop. In surrounding of the mount with such name this plant did not say me its name openly.

Padus asiatica: Asiatic bird-cherry. Small tree to 15m White loose fragrant racemes, fr. black, edible, very popular in Russia as ornamental tree. Crashed fruits are used in pie.

Padus ssiori: (Prunus ssiory) Tree 7m, bird-cherry from Sakhalin, occurs in Japan as well.

Papaver amurense: Fls mostly white, sometimes yellow. Native for East Siberia and China.

Papaver keelei: 15-20 cm high bright yellow flowered (1.5-2.5 cm long petals) perennial poppy from stony places of Arctic and highlands.

Papaver nudicaule: Loosely turfed up to50cm, fl yellow or white. Its beauty ephemeral but exciting.

*Papaver  sp.: White fls,  from Ussuri.

*Parageum calthifolium (Geum calthifolium): 40 cm h., villous, lvs lyrate-pinnate. Fls 30-50 mm diam., yellow. Dunesnear sea on Commander Islands.

Parnassia palustris: Arctic Grass of Parnassus. Slender erect stems 15-20 cm tall bearing one white star-like fls 1.8-2.6 cm across. Wet meadows switch on these modest beauty "stars".

*Parrya nudicaulis: Pilots from Chukotka call this plant lilac due to small of Syringa producing by big pink-violet fls of typical for Cruciferae structure. Lvs rosette, fleshy, glabrous. Volcano Avacha slopes in Kamchatka.

Parthenocyssus tricuspidatus: Boston Ivy. I could not resist to include in seed list another plant with blue fr. High climbing and freely branched woody vine 3-4 m long, 0.5-1 cm wide. Tendrils with preformed adhesive disks. Lvs mostly or all cordate and 3-lobed.Small fls aggregated in terminal clusters. Native of China, Japan and Ussuri. Deserves attention for creation of beautiful living fences.

Parthenocyssus quinquefolia: Differs from above 5-foliate lvs. Cultivated in Ussuri.

Patrinia rupestris: Candidate in your Rock Garden of high rating: low turf perennial with yellow peltate infl. Close to Valeriana but low plant. Also has sedative properties. Only in Asia and only on dry stony slopes.

*Patrinia scabiosifolia: Much taller than above.

Pedicularis adamsii: Sun rays can stop and spray in white wooly-tomentose stems of this pink flowered Siberian plant 8-20 cm h.

*Pedicularis albolabiata: 15-25 cm h. bicolor louse wort: lilac-purplish with purplish dots upper lip, the lower lip white. Wet tundra in Kamchatka.

   Pedicularis amoena: Amoena means pleasant. It is true: dense pink fls    whorls predominant, lvs inconspicuous. Likely P.adamsii occurs on dry tundra.

Pedicularis capitata: I know this yellow bighead flowered lousewort 15cm h is not surprising for Americans but were you lucky to catch seeds and try to grow with? 3 cm long in spike-like infl.

Pedicularis resupinata:Pink flowered Lousewort 60 cm high from Okhotsk sea shore meadows.

Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum: Another yellow flowered plant 60 cm h, fls as Pedicularis spicata

Pedicularis sp.: Collected in fr.

Peucedanum litorale: (P.deltoideum) Another new candidate from Ussuri for your Rock Garden. Survives in cracks on the vertical rocks near sea shore on open windy places on the islands. Miniature (30 cm) Umbelliferae family resistant representative. Fls white, blooming in the second half of summer or in September. Lvs ternately pinnate.

Phellodendron amurense: Small cork tree, lvs opposite, pinnate, fls yellowish-green, drupe black, globose, fragrant.

Phellodendron sachalinense: According to literature, cork layer is thinner, twigs reddish-brawn in contrast yellow-brawn, leaflets more shortly acute- that are all differences between Phellodendron from Ussuri and Phellodendron from Sakhalin. Can you compare and tell me: is it true?

Philadelphus tenuifolius: Even if you close eyes you can identify this species for sure: pleasant odor of white fls. This species of Mock-orange reaches 3 m high in shadow forests and stony slopes of China, Korea, Ussuri.

Phragmites australis: Common reed. Stout 2-3m, extensively colonial, infl subtended by a tuft of silky hairs. Coll. from the volcanic ash fields in Kamchatka.

Phyllodoce coerulea: Mountain-heath. This pretty plant is so popular among rock gardeners that I doubt you need description. Only for people who did not try yet happiness to admire this circumboreal species: stems covered by needle-like lvs create emerald spots with pink elegant pendulous fls above.

Physocarpus opulifolius: Shrub cultivated in Urals etc.

Picea ajanensis: Ajan Spruce from Kamchatka and Sakhalin.

Picea korajensis: Spruce up to 30 m. Occurs in Dahuria, Ussuri and Korea.

Picea obovata: Siberian spruce.

*Pinus densiflora: Pine from the south of Ussuri, quite close to Pinus sylvestris.

Pinus koraiensis: This pine is pride of Far East people. This is the main tree in Ussurian taiga 40-45 m high, 1-1.5m diam. Needles in five, 7-20 cm long, cones 12-15 cm long, 5-10 cm diam. Delicious nuts 15-20 mm long, about 10 mm diam. The harvest of nuts is 50 kg/ha, it can produce 7 kg of oil. Life expectancy of this "citizen"400-450 years. In spite of Latin name "koraiensis" the main area in Russia- 5 millions ha. After Ussurian tigers this pine is second treasure.

Pinus pumila: Siberian Dwarf Pine. Needles in 5, cones with nuts. Very variable in habit: from tree-like to prostrate shrub. The most surprising character is active twig movements on onset of frost- very clever plant! Nuts are rich vitamins and oil. Prevent erosion of soil on the slopes.

Pinus sibirica People in Far East are proud of Pinus koraiensis and Siberian people equally proud of P.sibirrica. Both these trees deserve respect and love. They are related and look similar. The nuts were collected in vicinity of famous Baikal lake.

*Plantago kamtschatica: Green glabrous or almost glabrous plantain from Kamchatka.

*Plantago macrocarpa: Grey soft pubescent. I hesitated to include two these species in seed list. But gardeners work so hard! What should heal their labour corns?!

Platycodon grandiflorus: Erect 40-100cmperennialherbs from Campanulaceae, blue fls 4-5cm across.

Plectranthus excisus: In the end of October in Ussuri I had chance to observe interesting phenomena: bases of this annuals were cracked and surrounded by ice, what is most surprising that outside of Plectranthus thickets ice was absolutely absent everywhere. My version: essential oils of this Labiatae plant evaporate, temperature drops and dew or moist air transform to ice. Do you laugh? Try to arrange thickets from this 1m annual with blue axillary racemes of abundant small 8mm long fls near your yard fence and write me your explanation. 

Pleurospermum gmelinii: (P.uralense) Who like Umbelliferae can add collection by this Asiatic plant up to 2 m high. Unbranched erect stem, three - twice pinnate lvs, fls white or greenish ,in umbels.

Poa eminens: Big bluegrass endemic of Okhotsk seashore.

Polemonium acutiflorum: Jacob's Ladder. Would you like a piece of blue sky in your garden? Arrange group planting of Jacob's Ladder! Grows on wet meadows in Siberia and Far East, 30-40 cm high, fls 1.4-2cm long.

Polemonium boreale: (P.villosum) Absence of cilia on petals differs this species from above one.

Polygonatum officinalis: (Solomon's Seal) Can you imagine Convallaria (Lily of the Valley) with many lvs and axillary solitary yellowish green fls? It will be Polygonatum. Near sea shore on the meadows in Ussuri.

Polygonatum involucratum: Differs from above :presence of bracts. Ussuri.

Polygonum sachalinense: People can hide easily in thickets of this another representative of Sakhalin tall forb -giant knotwood with ovate-cordate lvs to 30cm, stems 1-3m. Native of Sakhalin.

*Polygonum veirichii: Differs from above more branched 150-200 cm stems, wider lvs.

*Potentilla asperrima: name corresponds to habitus: densely covered by glands and simple hairs, ternate lvs, yellow fls 20-25mm diam. Rocks in Magadan region.

Potentilla fragiformis Looks as Strawberry but fls yellow, 2-3cm across, more hairy. Grassy slopes, seashore sands.

Potentilla inquinans: White fls, abundance of glands, 45cm h. Rocks in Kolyma basin.

*Potentilla nivea: again name indicates correctly the peculiarity of plant: white as snow ternate tomentose lvs. Elegant30cmh.plant from mountain tundra.

Potentilla nudicaulis: Pinnate lvs, dense yellowish pubescence. Steppe slopes.

   Potentilla rupifraga: Excellent for Rock Gardens: shiny coriaceous ternate    lvs, bright yellow fls, only on the rocks of Okhotsk seashore. Endemic!

Potentilla stipulrais: 35-40cm h plant with palmate lvs, long petioles, yellow 10-20mm diam fls. Remnant from former steppes of Kolyma basin with walking heads of mammoths and bizons.

Potentilla stolonifera: If you are not very attentive you can confuse this species with strawberry: stolons elongate, leaflets of radical leaves 5-7 (rarely 3-9), the lower pairs gradually smaller, the upper 3 nearly equal, larger. Fls yellow. Sunny slopes of Sakhalin, Kuriles, Okhotsk sea shore, China, Japan and India.

*Primula cuneifolia: These pretty pink sometimes pinkish-white  fls as a key open the door for spring in our suburbs at 59 degrees N.  Nude cuneate lvs. Scapes become longer only at the end of flowering.

*Primula farinosa: Differs from above white wax layer on lvs beneath and under bunch of light pink fls on scapes.

*Primula sachalinensis: Narrow endemic of Sakhalin. Close to Above. Differs: more stout stems, bigger other parts.  From volcano slope in Sakhalin.

Pulsatilla multifida: Pasqueflower The first spring fls in our region Big wooly blue-purple fls are in a hurry to see sun through snow, palmately divided lvs develop after floration.

Pulsatilla magadanensis: Miraculous small Magadan Pasqueflower, elegant fls from white to lilac, lvs thin-pinnate, grows only on scree slopes in few places in Magadan region. It was described from here. Endemic. Ideal for Rock Gardens.

Pulsatilla dahurica: Dahursk Pasqueflower Much bigger than above, lvs pinnate, fls violet, pendulous. Gravels, dry slopes in continental regions. Plumose silky fruits are very attractive colored.

   Pulsatilla ajanensis: Resembles slightly P.dahuricabut another ecology:   you will never meet it on gravel, you will enjoy your finding in highlands.

Pyrola incarnata: Wintergreen. We do not have Convallaria on Okhotsk sea shore. People call P.incarnata Kolyma Convallaria- scapes bearing perfect charming crimson to pink fls, lvs orbicular, leathery. Plants form extensive loose mats.

Pyrola obtusata: Miniature pyrola with greenish-white pendulous fls in one side raceme.

Pyrus ussuriensis: Ussuri pear tree.

Ranunculus eschscholtzianus: Tiny buttercup from sphagnum bogs with solitary fls.

Rhamnus davurica: Dahursk buckthorn. Deciduous large dioecious shrub, lvs obovate, fls small, yellowish-green, fr. black, globose. Medicinal.

*Rhododendron adamsii: Many advantages for Rock Gardeners: pale pink very odorous impressive fls, prostrate of low height, beautiful light brown bark. One disadvantage: very poor crop. Number of seeds of this species common on Tibet plateau and rare on limestones in our region is very restricted. Again excuse me I will not be generous in number seeds per packet.

Rhododendron aureum: Golden Rhododendron. Foreigners who were happy to see the flowers of this Rhododendron admire big yellow umbels, evergreen glossy lvs. If you do not have yet this unusual Rhododendron from Asia, you should try to grow.

   *Rhododendron camtschaticum: Low deciduous shrub with purple  4cm     across fls, lvs obovate-cuneate. Favourite of Scottish Rock Gardeners in spite    of its absence in wild flora.

Rhododendron dauricum: There are many songs about this Rhododendron in Russia. In April the shrubs does not have lvs yet, but there are a lot of light-pink with violet hue fls 2.5-4 cm across. The best gift from Amur, Ussuri this time of the year is twig of this shrub with unopened flower buds. Sleeping twig will awake on your window sill and bring in your house spring inspiration. Up to 2m. Glands and scales are typical for this Daurian-Ussurian-Chinese shrub that likes light places ,does not escape rocks.

Rhododendron fauriei: Evergreen shrub 1-3 m high, lvs coriaceous, narrowly oblong. Fls 3-4 cm diam., white or pinkish, pale green spotted on inside of upper lobe. Sikhote-Alin Mountains. Rarity!

Rhododendron japonicum: Deciduous shrub1-2m h. Golden-yellow fls. 5-6cm diam. Introduced in Ussuri from Japan.

Rhododendron mucronulatum: Deciduous shrub 1-2m high. It is very exciting to put bare twigs of this shrub in spring in vase with water and then enjoy rose-purple fls 4-5cm diam covering abundantly the twigs before lvs. Creates thickets in Ussuri.

Rhododendron parvifolium: Up to 1m erect or prostrate evergreen shrub with coriaceous lvs and pink-violet fls 1.5-2cm across. You can drive the whole hour along thickets of this species in autumn and did not notice anything. But if you will be in right time during blooming you will stop to drive and breathe: unforgettable view! Bogs remind unrealistic magic pink-violet world.

Rhododendron redowskianum: I am proud to have this species in my seed list, I know this rarity is a dream of many Rock Gardeners who left efforts to find this up to 25 cm deciduous dwarf shrub in another catalogs. Purplish fls.

Rhododendron schlippenbachii: Deciduousshrub0.5-3m high, fls pale-pink, 5-7 cm diam. Greeting from Kurile islands.

Rhododendron sichotense: Botanists from Vladivostok believes this species differs from Rh.mucronulatum by phenological peculiarities.

Rhus tiphina var.laciniata: I was impressed in autumn by huge bright red dissected lvs of this exotic shrub. Successfully introduced in Ussurian region.

Ribes dikuscha: Aldan Currant. People call this plant Aldan grapes for big black glaucous racemes of delicious fruits. Tall shrub grows in Yakutia (Aldan basin etc.) and Kolyma basin. Can compete in price only with Lonicera edulis berries in our region. Good source for selection and hybridization.

Ribes fragrans: Odorous Currant with strong pleasant coniferous smell due to endless glands on all parts of this real Siberian species. Popular reddish-black berries are collected in big quantities. Do not try to find this species outside scree slopes. It is faithful such habitat.

Ribes latifolia: Red Currant from Sakhalin. Berries edible. Occurs also in Japan.

Ribes triste: Northern Red Currant. Prostrate or ascending shrub, fls purple, berry red, transparent, good to eat.

Robinia pseudoacacia: Black Locust Tree to 25 m with spines, fls white, fragrant. Cultivated in Ussurian region.

The collection of wild Ussurian Roses follows. Do not neglect these plants whose fruits absorbed the magic power of famous Ussurian taiga!

Rosa acicularis: Bristly rose. Shrub to1-2m,densely beset with straight prickles, fls solitary, pink or deep rose, 5cm across.

Rosa amblyotis Resembles above, but with opposite thorns Rosa dahurica: 1-3 fls deep pink, 3-4 cm across, fr. globose orelliptic, 1-2 cm across, red.

Rosa dahurica: Differs from above glands  on lvs beneath.

Rosa maximoviczii: Climbing rose with umbels of white fls and most delicious fr. Unknown but deserves attention.

Rosa rugosa: Very popular in cultivation, in Ussurian region grows wild on seashore. Fr. resemble small apples. People crowds invade this Rose thickets and pick up fleshy delicious fr.

Rubus arcticus: I don't know more fragrant berry, add to another jam and you can invite guests. Pure Rubus arcticus jam is real luxury.

Rubus chamaemorus: Cloudberry A low plant with white fls and strange berries: unripe berries are red color, ripe berries are yellow-orange color and heavenly delicious. Bogs.

Rubus crataegifolius: Thorny shrub to 1.5-2m. White fls, red delicious berries. Ussuri, China.

Rubus sachalinense: Sachalin  Raspberry. Berries are not so abundant but its taste is evaluated by brown bears very high.

*Rubus stellatus: Similar to R.arcticus but lvs not ternate but three lobate. Meadows of Commander Islands.

Do you know that in Arctic, willows and saxifrages occupy leading positions in floristic diversity? Let us introduce you with some of these heroes!


*Salix arctica ssp. crassijulis :Differs from known typical S.arctice wider thicker lvs. Slopes of volcano Avacha in Kamchatka.

*Salix khokhrjakovii :Prostrate or cushion dwarf shrub. Rhomboid lvs. Pleasant smell. Subalpine belt. Dry mountain tundra. Magadan region.

*Salix magadanensis :Magadan people are proud this remarkable species named in honor their city. I think you should see the impressive mats on the top of mount «Stone Crown» in Nagaevo Bay where Magadan is located. Excellent for Rock Gardens. Shiny roundish lvs are tiny and catkins as well.

Salix phlebophilla :This willow prefers the following strategy - it warms itself by “coat“ from persistent for at least 3 years the old lvs covering the basal parts. Dwarf shrub forming mats - is there enough space in your rock garden?

*Salix reticulata :I think this dwarf prostrate arctic-alpine species with beautiful pattern of veins on lvs beneath is most known Rock Gardeners. Kamchatka.

Salix sphenophylla :Prostrate shrub. Lvs long-yellow-petiolated, obovate blunt, dull green above, glaucous beneath. Stony places in Kolyma and Okhotsk sea basins.

Salix tschuktschorum ;0.5 m tall prostrate or ascending willow with coriaceous dentate lvs. New in my catalog and unknown in your garden, I am sure. Try to grow this representative of Chukotka, Yakutia and Okhotsk sea shore. This is real challenge. I was taught by specialist in willow: better to keep Salix seeds frozen. I kept frozen.

*Sambucus kamtschatica :Kamchatsk Elder. Large shrub,  fls white,  fr. red, globose, in large umbellate corymbs.

*Sambucus coreana :Differs from above: pubescence on infl. and young shoots.

Sanguisorba officinalis Great Burnet with stems up to 1m and blood color cylindrical spikes.

Sanguisorba tenuifolia: Differs from above white infl. and more narrow lvs.

*Saussurea grandifolia :1.2 m, lvs coriaceous, pubescent, ovate, dentate. 3-20 heads 1.5-2 cm diam each. Fls dark pink.

*Saussurea odontolepis :To 1m, heads pink-violet, 1.5-2 cm diam., in peltate infl. Lvs pinnatifid. Oak forests in Ussuri.

*Saussurea subtriangulata :80 cm, lvs ovate, 2-5 heads 1.5-2 cm diam. in raceme. Fls pink-violet. Spruce forests in Ussuri.

Saussurea sachalinensis :70-100 cm h, numerous pink-violet  heads are in peltate infl. Lvs acute, lanceolate dentate, nude or villous. Meadows of Sakhalin.

Saussurea pulchella :Another Far-Eastern representative of Asiatic genus. Up to 1m. Numerousheads1-2 cm across pink -purplish. If you translate pulchella from Latin it means pretty. It is true.

Saussurea tilesii :Low plant, wooly beneath lvs, fls purplish. Modest Compositae from Siberian tundra.

Saussurea nuda: Taller than above and almost nude.

Saxifraga derbeckii Pungent saxifrage, fls white with tiny red spots. Rocks. Endemic of Okhotsk sea shore.

Saxifraga cherlerioides :Differs from above smaller fls without spots. If you arrive in main city of Kamchatka Petropavlovsk you can see vertical rocks near sea occupied by this saxifrage.

*Saxifraga kruhsiana :This saxifrage is represented by abundance of small globes created by pungent curved lvs. 10-12 cm h stems, fls green-yellow. Rocks. Endemic of North-East Russia.

*Saxifraga manchuriensis :Reniform rosette lvs, glandular stems 30 cm h. Luxury globose infl.  Fls white. Wet places near streams in Ussuri.

Saxifraga multiflora :Lvs very pungent, ciliate, pubescent, fls white.

Saxifraga funstonii: Similar to above, lvs ciliate but glabrous. Fls yellow. Occupies as above saxifrage vast areas on dry scree steep slopes of great river Kolyma.

Saxifraga omolojensis :Differs from above pure white fls and softer pubescence.

Saxifraga oppositifolia: Glory of this saxifrage is world-wide. Be in a hurry if you still do not have it. On calcareous rocks in Kolyma basin this is really enchanting sight.

Saxifraga merckii :This is also something new! This is endemic of East Siberia, therefore I am sure it is absent in other catalogs. This plant creates small plain cushions. Rosette lvs obovate, stems leafless up to 15cm h. Fls 1,5cm diam, white or pink white. Excellent for rock gardens where space is limited.

Saxifraga nelsoniana: Tender rounded to reniform lvs. White fls in dense head-like infl. 30-35cm high. Along streams.

Saxifraga punctata :(S.redowskiana) Glandulose East - Siberian plants 25-30 cm. Infl. divaricate-paniculate. Lvs cuneate. Grows in the places where no other plants: fruitless dry stony and scree slopes. In culture looks luxurious.

Scabiosa lacnophylla :80-100cm h, villous throughout. Lvs entire or lyrate-pinnate, heads 3-4cm diam, ornamental due to big blue or violet peripheral fls which are typical for Dipsacaceae family. Dry meadows, rocks of East Siberia. Coll in Ussuri.

Schivereckia podolica :Close to Draba genus. Fls white. Lvs rosette wooly. Prefers limestone. Coll. in Urals.

Schizandra chinensis :Scandent dioecious woody climber, lvs obovate, fls white, fr. globose, red. Stimulant.

Scorzonera radiata: Rosette of linear lvs, yellow fls in head, scapiform stems 10cm tall. Rocks. East Siberia.

*Sedum aizoon: Up to 60 cm high Sedum with orange  fls.  Wide  range of habitats including rocks.

Sedum cyaneum: Mat-forming Sedum colonizing steep sea shore and transforming gloomy grey rocks in festival of pink and red hues. This North-East Asian plant is wonderful for Rock Garden.

Sedum litorale: Sedum from seashore of Ussurian region up to 60 cm high with golden-yellow fls. Endemic.

Sedum middendorfii :To 30 cm h, peltate yellowish-orange infl. Dry slopes.

*Sedum selskianum :Grey pubescent up to 45 cm plant with bright yellow fls. Described from Ussuri.

Sedum stephanii: Up to 25 cm high, light yellow or whitish fls. Wet places. Endemic of Okhotsk sea shore.

Sedum kamtchaticum :Differs from above lower height, orange-yellow fls. Rocks and stony slopes of Okhotsk sea area.

Sedum telephium :(S.purpureum) I told my assistants: this is trivial species. But they like it. Folk Russian name is Hare cabbage for thick lvs. 30-60 cm high. Pink or purple fls. Meadows.

*Sedum ussuriense :35 cm h., fls pink, purplish in dense  peltate panicle. Endemic of Ussuri.

*Sedum viviparum :To 65 cm h. Fls white or greenish, inpeltate-panicle infl with bulbils. Ussuri.

Securinega suffruticosa :If you do not have representatives of Euphorbiaceae think about this shrub not more than 2 m high with yellow shoots and small coriaceous lvs. Maybe, I should not recommend this popular medicinal plant: fls greenish-yellow, small and the whole plant is poisonous. Ussuri.

Senecio campester :To 50 cm h., white wooly, lvs ovate, ligules yellow or yellow-orange. Dry slopes on Okhotsk sea shore.

Senecio cannabifolius :Component of Kamchatka tall forbs to 1-2m h., lvs pinnately divided, fls yellow.

Senecio congestus :(S.arcticus, S.palustris) If you would like to dry bog I can recommend this species: Up to 1 m hollow stems ended by yellow woolly inflorescence will always thirsty. Plants at early stage look as fledgling.

*Senecio lenensis :To 50 cm h., almost nude, 3-10 heads 2-2.5 cm diam in peltate infl. Dry slopes.

Senecio pseudoarnica: Seaside groundsel. But do not hesitate to grow this Arnica-like plant away from beach!

Senecio tundricola :40-50 cm h. Heads 2.5-4 cm diam., in peltate umbelloid infl. Ligules yellowish-orange. Mountain tundra, near snow bed.

*Sibbaldia procumbens :Circumpolar arctic-alpine species. 10 cm h. Lvs ternate, fls yellow 4-6mm diam. Mountain tundra.

Sieversia pusilla: It looks as Dryas but lvs pinnate, emerald-green. Stony places, along streams. East Siberia.

Silene repens: Maybe, from Tibet this 60 cm high white flowered with adscending stems plant reached Okhotsk sea shore. Dry slopes.

Silene stenophylla :Densely tufted, lvs linear, fls pink, inflate. Scree slopes. East Siberia.

Silybum marianum :Striking by size (over 1m) and variegate glossy pungent lvs annual or biennial from Aster family with pink or violet head. Native for Mediterranean and Central Asia, feels good in Ussuri.

Smilacina davurica :Taller than above. Lvs pubescent beneath. Boggy forests in Sakhalin.

Smilacina hirta :Differs from above pubescent on both sides lvs, infl paniculate racemose.

Smilacina trifolia :False Solomon's seal. Slender, erect, 10-20cm, 3 sessile lvs, raceme of white small fls, dark red fr. Sphagnum bogs.

Solidago spiraeifolia :There are more than 50 species of Solidago in USA. We have on Okhotsk sea shore just one – modest, up to 50 cm, yellow fls.

Sophora flavescens :90-120cm h. Pea family plant with pinnate lvs and dirty-yellow long (10-25cm) racemes. Meadows shrub thickets in Ussuri. Popular in Tibet medicine.

Sorbus commixta :Mountain Ash from Sakhalin, tree 12-15m h with bright red fr.

Sorbus sambucifolia :Elder foliate Mountain Ash. No trace of bitter taste in big berries of this ornamental shrub.

Sorbus sibirica :Siberian Mountain Ash Tree. Looks like other trees of Mountain Ash – exciting in their bright beauty in autumn

Sorbaria sorbifolia :Shrub 1-2m, lvs pinnately compound, fls small, white, in large panicles. East Asia.

Spiraea media: Looks like S.stevenii but rays of corymb unbranched. Dry slopes.

Spiraea salicifolia :Resembles above, but ifl. pink, racemose.

Spiraea stevenii: Shrub to 1m, fls white, in corymbs, lvs elliptic to ovate.

Stellaria ruscifolia :Loosely tufted, lvs thick, coriaceous, ovate, acute, fls solitary, white, long-pedicellated.

     *Streptopus amplexifolius :Cucumber root.     Tall branched plant from Lily family. Lvs ovate with clasping base. Red    transparent berries. Tender shoots are eaten in Alaska. Strong cucumber smell.    Rare in Okhotsk sea area.

*Syneilesis aconitifolia :Confusing plant: deeply dissected ornamental lvs look as Aconitum lvs, infl. – as Compositae plant Cacalia. Grow and ask your neigbours to guess what is this. Ussurian forests.

Synurus deltoides :For lovers something extraordinary – very tall – 1.5-2 m high, stems and deltoid lvs beneath white-wooly, pendulous purplish 3-4 cm diam. infl typical for Compositae. Amur river.

Syringa amurensis :Amursk Lilac.

Syringa wulfii: Lilac Native for Ussurian region.

Thalictrum contortum: Meadow rue of big size to 1.8m with big stipules, ornamental lvs and cloud-like white infl.

Thalictrum filamentosum: Small tubers, up to 30 cm stems with one basal twice ternate lvs and two upper entire ovate lvs. Very pleasant plant due to fluffy white infl. Can flourish and enjoy the life in shade and open places. Coniferous and deciduous forests in Ussuri

Thalictrum kemense: Weekly differentiated from Eurasiatic Th. minus. Dry slopes in Kamchatka

Thalictrum sparsiflorum: Meadow rue of middle size to 0.7m.

Thalictrum foetidum: Foetid Meadow rue with many glands, to 0.5m. Dry slopes.

Thermopsis lupinoides: Lupine Buckbean.Erect40-80cm tall, lvs 3-foliate, fls yellow, in raceme. Sand dunes in Kamchatka and Ussuri. Can stop erosion by strong rhizomes.

*Thladianta dubia: Herbaceous Ussurian dioecious vine 1.5m long. Lvs cordate, fls yellow, 2.5 cm long. Ornamental. Can escape from you to neighbour.

*Thlaspi cochleariforme: You can differthis30 cm white flowered nude glaucous Cruciferae from other relatives only in fr: wing, obovate-obtriangulate. Dry slopes and steppes in Ural.

Thymus serpyllum: s.l. Wild thyme from Kolyma basin. Do you know what is temperature in winter time in this area? –50C! I was impressed in Oslo botanical garden the special exposition of plants for blind people. Thymes were the main component of this unusual garden.

Tilia amurensis: Amursk Basswood. Ussuri.

Tilia mandshurica: Differs from above bigger lvs and fr.

Tofieldia coccinea: Scapes with raceme of purplish small fls arise from rosette of flat linear lvs. Wet places in tundra

Tragopogon orientalis: To 1m. Lvs linear yellow fls. Eurasian Asteraceae. Ussuri.

*Trillium tschonoskii: Trillium is a symbol of Ontario Rock Garden Chapter and others. Above rhomboid lvs beautiful from white to pale pink purplish fls. Only few seeds of this ephemeral plant could not escape me on Sakhalin.

Tripterigium regelii: Introduced in Ussurian region. Resemble little bit Hydrangea paniculata in fr.

   Trollius membranostylis: Similar to T. europaeus. Replaces in Magadan    region this European species.

*Trollius riederianus: Differs from above less number of sepals. Fls yellow or orange-yellow. Kamchatka meadows.

Typha latifolia: Cat tail. I know you are surprised that I included this plant. We do not have it on Okhotsk seashore. It reminds me my motherland, Urals and childhood. Collected in Sakhalin.

Vaccinium hirtum: High blackberry. Vaccinium shrub from Sakhalin. Occurs also in Japan.

*Vaccinium ovalifolium: Differs from blueberry: solitary fls, globose not branched berry, branches flattened. Commander Islands.

Vaccinium praestans: The most popular berry in Sakhalin. Habit resembles Arctous alpina - small, prostrate, but red berry can be compared with Durio (Durian) fr from tropics: terrible smell, excellent taste.

Vaccinium uliginosum: Bog blueberry. You should visit Magadan region in order to know unforgettable taste of home wine from blueberry.

Vaccinium vitis-idaea: Low bush cranberry. Everybody in Magadan region, Kamchatka and Chukotka pick up baskets of berries of this generous plant.

*Verbascum  thapsus: Common mullein Stout, erect, 1-2 m gray-tomentose. Fls yellow.
    
I was very impressed by results of the longest continuously monitored experiment in the world conducted few generations of scientists in W.J.Beal Botanical Garden in Michigan: 120 years they kept seeds of different species in the bottle with sand buried in soil. Only Verbascum blatteria and Malva neglecta survived such period and Verbascum bloomed. Our knowledge on longevity of viability of seeds are so poor! You can make a will to your grandchildren similar experiment with my seeds. It will join grand-grandchildren!

*Veratrum maackii: 1.2 m h., fls black-purplish  in raceme or raceme-panicle. Ussuri.  

Veratrum oxysepalum: In contrast to previous not so branched. I like plicate nerved lvs of this stout plant in spring- looking at their attack through soil you feel spring power.

Veronica longifolia: Yes, lvs long and blue infl as well. 1 m tall. Meadows near Amur.

Viburnum burejaeticum: Deciduous much branched shrub, lvs ovate-orbicular, infl. cymose, white, fr. black, pleasant tasted

Viburnum furcatum: 3m shrub, fls white, ripe fr black. Sakhalin, Japan.

Viburnum sargentii: Looks as V. edule. Seeds and fr. bigger. Ussurians like these berries.

*Vicia amurensis: 1.5m h., nude, lvs with 4-7 pairs leaflets. Fls lilac-violet. On slopes, shrub thickets. Ussuri.

Vicia pseudoorobus: 1.5 m h., 2-5 pairs glossy leaflets. Infl. 3-7 cm long, fls 11-14 mm long, violet. Dry meadows. Ussuri.

Vicia unijuga: One pair lvs plus  violet Leguminosae fls. Ussuri.

*Vicia ohwiana: Differs from above globose almost sessile infl., rhomboid lvs.

Vincetoxicum acuminatum: You are exhausted by reading so long and your money gone. I will not advertise this Swallow-Wort from Ussuri.

*Viola  avatchensis: one of heroic plants that occupy lava on volcano Avacha slopes. Reniform lvs, blue fls10-15mmlong.Close to V.repens but lvs thicker, blunt.

Viola pacifica: To 20 cm h., lvs ovate, fls white, 1.6-1.7 cm long. On rocks and slopes in dark coniferous forests.

Viola phalarocarpa: 30 cm h., lvs ovate, fls17-20 mm long, dark red-violet. Stony slopes. Ussuri.

Viola chaerophylloides: 30 cm h., lvs pinnate dissected, fls white. River banks, sea shore. Ussuri.

Viscum  coloratum: One person asked from me for many years seeds of this semi-parasite plant. At last I have small amount of them. Fr. red. Lvs are very popular in Ussuri as medicinal for high blood pressure.

Vitis amurensis: Amursk grape. Would you like to try taste of this companion of Ussurian tiger? You will be refreshed instantly after reading my list with many mistakes in English that are charming, I hope.

Weigella praecox: (Diervilla praecox) Shrub 1.5-2 m. Lvs ovate, pubescent, fls in leaf axils, sessile, 3-4 cm long, reddish, infundibuliform-campanulate. Due to early blooming and easy cultivation more common on the streets in Ussurian region than in wild nature.

Weigella middendorfiana: Differs from above whitish yellow fls. Ussuri. Author of treatment of Caprifoliaceae in 8-volume edition “Vascular Plants of Soviet Far East” considers this blooming shrub most ornamental in Russian Far East.

All seeds are collected in Russia (Magadan region, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Ussuri, Urals). Price is US $3 per packet   except Daphne which costs $1   per each seed.

In this case, send a self-addressed envelope and US $2 for postage (international coupons I cannot use) would be appreciated. Bubble (padded) envelopes are unavailable in our city. Think about this if you order fragile seeds. The price is $3 per packet. The average amount is 10-25 seeds per pkt.

The most convenient way to receive payment from you is US cash in registered letter at address:

Dr.Alexandra Berkutenko
P.O.Box 225
Magadan 685000
Russia.

It is safe, no cases of loss.

We have a bank account #2017210998 at the:
National Bank of Alaska
PO Box19-6127
Anchorage
AK 99519-6127
and you can deposit the payment at my name UPON RECEIPT of the seeds.

Please, follow my instructions !!

1. Do not send money in advance but send it eventually. I don't enclose invoice to avoid tax payment by you, I trust you. You can easily calculate how much you owe me if you multiply number of ordered species at US$3 each, and add $2 for postage, if you order a lot, registered postage is $3. Please, pay attention at the signs on seed packets: if I wrote, for example, 3x1 it means I put triple seed quantity in one packet for saving space in envelope.

2. If you want to send cash at my address in Magadan, please, send by REGISTERED letter only, do not enclose money in package.

3. Do not forget if you order by e-mail to insert your actual mailing address.

4. The notes by e-mail, or the copies of checks to the bank at my address, will be very appreciated. Bank sends me memo papers with only my address, sum and there are no names of customers. The same on bank statements. Please, teach me how to be successful in my struggle with bank. If, for example, I deposited $1000 and somebody else deposited the same sum at your bank account and did not write you how you will know who deposited. Bank presumes I should know.

5. DO NOT FORGET to enclose the list of SUBSTITUTES, or mark that you do not need substitutes, because many species I have this year in tiny quantity.

I am finishing my seed list 2001. I am sitting at home on the Nagaevo Bay sea of  Okhotsk. Radio says that Chinese people are going to meet New Year according to Oriental Calendar.
There is thick ice layer on Nagaevo Bay. Salix magadanensis on the top of mount «Stone Crown» that I can see from my window slumbers under snow cover. A high winter wind is blowing. I hope this wind will not prevent delivery to you  tiny pieces of dry material that concentrated severe but magnetically attractive beauty of  wilderness of our country– SEEDS  OF SIBERIA AND RUSSIAN FAR EAST.
Dr. Alexandra Berkutenko

Maybe, this announcement about my co-authored by E. Viereck book will be interesting for some ethnobotanists:

1. A.Berkutenko, E. Viereck Medicinal and Edible Plants of Alaska and the Russian Far East. In Russian. Soft color cover. Black and white drawings.1995, Vladivostok, 193 pages. Price $10 plus $2 postage.

2. Those who would like to collect seeds in our region ourselves visit my web page: http://web.ukonline.co.uk/alpines/berkutenko.htm

For those who did not have chance to introduce with our modest experience in germination, I ask to share your thoughts on this subject because your experience is incomparable with ours.

SEED GERMINATION OF POTENTIAL FOR CULTIVATION ORNAMENTAL AND MEDICINAL PLANTS OF WILD FLORA OF THE NORTH-EAST RUSSIA

A.N.Berkutenko, E.A.Averjanova Institute of Biological Problems of the North Far-Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 685000 Russia, Magadan, Portovaja 18 (as published in the book of abstracts of 3rd circumpolar agricultural conference, 12-16 October, 1998 Anchorage, Alaska)

Flora of the North-East Russia (Magadan region and Chukotka) contains more than 1500 species of vascular plants. There are many ornamental and medicinal species among them. People within Russia and from abroad would like to grow many of them. We revealed the absence of data in the literature about seed germination of species of the extreme Russian North-East. Therefore the Laboratory of Botany of IBPN started to conduct research on physiological peculiarities of seeds and the impact of different conditions on seed viability and dormancy.

The following species, after a few months of storage in laboratory conditions (16-18 degrees C) did not need pretreatment and germinated under these same laboratory conditions:

Allium strictum (germination 63%)

Dendranthema arctica (95%)

Artemisia gmelinii (100%)

Campanula rotundifolia (12%)

Cardaminopsis lyrata (50%)

Dianthus repens (99%)

D. amurensis (88%)

Dracocephalum palmatum (86%)

Geum aleppicum (98%)

Leontopodium stellatum (96%)

Linum komarovii (96%)

Phyllodoce caerulea (79%)

Potentilla nudicaulis (74%)

Pulsatilla multifida (24%)

Rhododendron aureum (56%)

Rh. camtschaticum (42%)

Rh. dauricum (76%)

Rh. mucronulatum (88%)

Rh. redowskianum (25%)

Saxifraga derbekii (47%)

S. funstonii (82%)

S. nelsoniana (76%)

Scorzonera radiata (68%)

Sedum cyaneum (84%)

Stellaria ruscifolia (84%)

Spiraea salicifolia seeds germinated (14%) only after cold stratification during 1 month (0-5 degrees C).

Aconitum delphinifolium and Gentiana glauca germinated when temperature was 0-5 degrees C.

Atragene ochotensis germinated (40%) after pretreatment by gibberellin during 24 hours.

After 1.5 year storage, seed germination was as follows:

Ermania parryoides (18%)

Rhododendron aureum (74%)

Potentilla fragiformis (59%).

Rhodiola atropurpurea germinated after 4.5 years storage (16%)

Picea ajanensis - after 3.5 years (64%).

Pulsatilla davurica (2.5 years storage) and P. multifida (3.5 years storage) germinated just after pretreatment by gibberellin. Germination was 70% and 20% correspondingly.

We are now conducting test of cryogenic properties of northern species seeds. Preliminary results show that seeds are viable and in some cases more germinable after quick deep freezing during 24 hours in nitrogen (-196degrees C).

Some more details on germination received 10th February 1999

CRYOGENIC PROPERTIES OF SEEDS OF SOME SPECIES OF NORTH-EAST RUSSIA.

E.A. Andriyanova, A.N.Berkutenko

Institute of Biological Problems of the North Far Eastern Branch of Russian Science Academy

Freezing in liquid nitrogen is perspective method of conservation of plant seeds . Information about viability of seeds after deep freezing is necessary for creation of seed banks for long storage.

We investigated cryogenic properties of 9 species of plants native in Magadan region. Seeds of investigated species after freezing were germinable. Stimulant influence of freezing was observed in some species. Their germination was higher and the period of germination is shorter compare to control.

The seeds of Alnus fruticosa need pretreatment by frost. Deep freezing of Alnus fruticosa seeds in liquid nitrogen was similar to influence of fluctuant temperatures -5 to - 15 C. Germination of seeds frozen in liquid nitrogen during 24 hours is as follows: (Germination in control experiments is indicated in brackets. In Alnus fruticosa example we used as a control seeds that were frozen during 1 month under the range temperature: -5 to-15 C )

Alnus fruticosa - 40% (10%),

Arctanthemum arcticum - 94% (99%),

Pulsatilla multifida - 54% (24%),

Saxifraga derbekii - 78% (47%),

S. funstonii - 97% (82%),

Rhododendron aureum - 79% (56%),

R. parviflorum -14% (19%),

R. redowskianum - 72% (26%),

Thymus serpyllum - 78% (78%).

The permafrost is almost continuously distributed in Magadan region and can be used for creation of long term seed banks, but in North-East Russia it was done only in Yakutia (Storozheva and al., 1998) for agricultural cultures seeds of Trifolium, Melicago, Secale, Triticum.

Seed bank of wild plants in natural permafrost is also perspective method of conservation gene fund, but it takes investments.

GERMINATION OF PICEA AJANENSIS SEEDS IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS

Picea ajanensis (Lindl.et Gord.) Fisch. ex Carr. is one of the main tree forming dark coniferous forests in the Russian Far East, Japan, Korea and isolatively in China. This species is used in cultivation quite widely, but we could not find information about influence of different conditions on germination neither in monograph on Picea ajanensis (Manko, 1987) nor in special literature devoted seed germination (Nikolaeva et al., 1985,Deno,1994 etc.) Therefore we conducted series of experiments on Picea ajanensis seeds in lab conditions. Seeds were collected in Russia in 1993(Kamchatka),1997 (Ussurian region),1998 (Sakhalin).

Seeds were germinated in light and dark conditions and treated in liquid nitrogen.

Seeds from Sakhalin are kept 3 months in lab conditions. Germination in light conditions was 62%. Seeds from Ussurian region after 5 months storage germinated in light conditions - 22%, in dark conditions - 34%. In one year germination of these seeds in light conditions was 26%. Seeds from Kamchatka were stored 4 years. Their germination in light conditions was 64%. So, viability of Picea ajanensis seeds do not change significantly for several years of storage. Deep rapid freezing in liquid nitrogen (t=-196 °C) during 48 hours showed unexpected results. Germination of control seeds was 22% for seeds from Ussuria region 1997 collection, 62%- from Kamchatka 1993 collection. After freezing germination in both samples was 44%. These experiments need to be continued.

Telephone: (+7) 41322 3-56-53

e-mail: berkuten@online.magadan.su